There is a concept regarding cooking on Shabbat of “En bishul achar bishul” – meaning that there is no concern regarding possibly cooking food that has already been cooked. Milk is pasteurized. However, I don’t think that one is allowed to cook milk on Shabbat. I understand that pasteurization in a way boils the milk to rid it of bacteria. Wouldn’t this, then be considered a form of “cooking” that should allow milk to be heated on Shabbat? Answer: The concept of “ain bishul achar bishul” that a cooked food is not subject to the prohibition of cooking does not apply to liquids. According to Shulchan Aruch recooking liquids is a Biblical prohibition, according to the Rama this sis a Rabbinic prohibition.
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